Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common of vestibular disorders and the most easily treated. In most patients, it can be cured with a simple maneuver. BPPV occurs when calcium crystals called otoconia become dislodged from their normal location on the utricle of the inner ear. It is the movement of these stones in the semicircular canal that leads to a false sense of movement or spinning.
The Epley Maneuver is performed in an attempt to move the particles from the fluid-filled semicircular canals into the vestibule where they will no longer cause symptoms of vertigo.
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Canalith Repositioning Procedure for BPPV : Vestibular Disorders Association
Canalith Repositioning Procedure : Medscape